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Q: Which of the following is true?
  • A. Precipitation = infitration + runoff
  • B. Evaportion = precipitation + runoff
  • C. Runoff = Evaportion + precipitation
  • D. Precipitation = evaporation + runoff
Correct Answer: Option D - ∎ The sum of the total river runoff and evaporation equals the precipitation [Precipitation = Evaporation + Runoff.] Evaporation occurs when water is changed from a liquid to a vapour. Increase in air and water temperature, wind, and solar radiation increases evaporation rates. Runoff is the portion of precipitation, snowmelt or irrigation water that flows over and through the soils, eventually making its way to surface water systems. ∎ Total river runoff is the sum of the groundwater runoff and surface water runoff.
D. ∎ The sum of the total river runoff and evaporation equals the precipitation [Precipitation = Evaporation + Runoff.] Evaporation occurs when water is changed from a liquid to a vapour. Increase in air and water temperature, wind, and solar radiation increases evaporation rates. Runoff is the portion of precipitation, snowmelt or irrigation water that flows over and through the soils, eventually making its way to surface water systems. ∎ Total river runoff is the sum of the groundwater runoff and surface water runoff.

Explanations:

∎ The sum of the total river runoff and evaporation equals the precipitation [Precipitation = Evaporation + Runoff.] Evaporation occurs when water is changed from a liquid to a vapour. Increase in air and water temperature, wind, and solar radiation increases evaporation rates. Runoff is the portion of precipitation, snowmelt or irrigation water that flows over and through the soils, eventually making its way to surface water systems. ∎ Total river runoff is the sum of the groundwater runoff and surface water runoff.