Explanations:
Ultimate load method (ULM)–The ultimate load method (ULM) was evolved in 1950 as an alternative to the WSM. It is more economical than WSM • The method is based on the ultimate strength of reinforce concrete at ultimate load. • The ultimate load is obtained by enhancing the service load by some factor referred to as load factor for giving a desired margin of safety. Hence the method is also referred to as the load factor method or the ultimate strength method.