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Q: Theory of probability can be applied to
  • A. Cumulative errors only
  • B. Accidental errors only
  • C. Both accidental and cumulative errors
  • D. None of the above is correct
Correct Answer: Option B - Theory of probability– Investigations of observations of various type show that accidental errors, follow a definite law, the low of probability. This law defines the occurrence of errors and can be expressed in the form of equation which is used to compute the probable value or the probable precision of a quantity. The most important features of accidental (or compensating) errors which usually occur are- • Small errors tend to be more frequent than the large ones- that is they are more probable. • Positive and negative errors of the same size happen with equal frequency that is they are equally probable. • Large errors occur infrequently and are improbable.
B. Theory of probability– Investigations of observations of various type show that accidental errors, follow a definite law, the low of probability. This law defines the occurrence of errors and can be expressed in the form of equation which is used to compute the probable value or the probable precision of a quantity. The most important features of accidental (or compensating) errors which usually occur are- • Small errors tend to be more frequent than the large ones- that is they are more probable. • Positive and negative errors of the same size happen with equal frequency that is they are equally probable. • Large errors occur infrequently and are improbable.

Explanations:

Theory of probability– Investigations of observations of various type show that accidental errors, follow a definite law, the low of probability. This law defines the occurrence of errors and can be expressed in the form of equation which is used to compute the probable value or the probable precision of a quantity. The most important features of accidental (or compensating) errors which usually occur are- • Small errors tend to be more frequent than the large ones- that is they are more probable. • Positive and negative errors of the same size happen with equal frequency that is they are equally probable. • Large errors occur infrequently and are improbable.