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Q: The Fundamental Rights have been guaranteed to protect the public from repressive state actions; judicial decisions tend to expand the scope of the word ‘State’ as defined by _______ of the Indian Constitution.
  • A. Article 12
  • B. Article 14
  • C. Article 13
  • D. Article 15
Correct Answer: Option A - The word ‘State’ is defined under Article 12 of the Indian Constitution, which includes the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and Legislature of each of the States, and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India. The scope of the word ’State’ has been expanded by the judiciary to include private bodies or individuals performing public functions, which has led to the application of Fundamental Rights against them as well.
A. The word ‘State’ is defined under Article 12 of the Indian Constitution, which includes the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and Legislature of each of the States, and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India. The scope of the word ’State’ has been expanded by the judiciary to include private bodies or individuals performing public functions, which has led to the application of Fundamental Rights against them as well.

Explanations:

The word ‘State’ is defined under Article 12 of the Indian Constitution, which includes the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and Legislature of each of the States, and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India. The scope of the word ’State’ has been expanded by the judiciary to include private bodies or individuals performing public functions, which has led to the application of Fundamental Rights against them as well.