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Q: Who described the Indian federal system as Bargaining Federalism?
  • A. Morris Jones
  • B. Janville Austin
  • C. K.C. where
  • D. Ivor Jennings
Correct Answer: Option A - Morris Jones defined it as ‘Bargaining Federalism’. • ‘Federalism with Centralizing tendency’ by Ivor Jenning. • KC Wheare described it as “Quasi federalism”. • Granville Austin called it “Cooperative federalism” (need for national integrity and unity). • Unitary bias (dominance of centre in financial powers, central grants, Niti Aayog).
A. Morris Jones defined it as ‘Bargaining Federalism’. • ‘Federalism with Centralizing tendency’ by Ivor Jenning. • KC Wheare described it as “Quasi federalism”. • Granville Austin called it “Cooperative federalism” (need for national integrity and unity). • Unitary bias (dominance of centre in financial powers, central grants, Niti Aayog).

Explanations:

Morris Jones defined it as ‘Bargaining Federalism’. • ‘Federalism with Centralizing tendency’ by Ivor Jenning. • KC Wheare described it as “Quasi federalism”. • Granville Austin called it “Cooperative federalism” (need for national integrity and unity). • Unitary bias (dominance of centre in financial powers, central grants, Niti Aayog).